Ask your doctor about a glycosylated hemoglobin test.Ask your doctor how often you need to test your blood sugar. You might need to check and record your blood sugar level several times a day - or more frequently if you're ill or under stress. Take oral diabetes medications or insulin as directed. Try to get at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity, such as walking, each week. Make healthy eating and physical activity part of your daily routine. If you have diabetes, reduce your risk of getting diabetic retinopathy by doing the following: However, regular eye exams, good control of your blood sugar and blood pressure, and early intervention for vision problems can help prevent severe vision loss. You can't always prevent diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, glaucoma or a combination of these conditions can lead to complete vision loss, especially if the conditions are poorly managed. This pressure can damage the nerve that carries images from your eye to your brain (optic nerve). New blood vessels can grow in the front part of your eye (iris) and interfere with the normal flow of fluid out of the eye, causing pressure in the eye to build. This can cause spots floating in your vision, flashes of light or severe vision loss. The abnormal blood vessels associated with diabetic retinopathy stimulate the growth of scar tissue, which can pull the retina away from the back of the eye. Unless your retina is damaged, your vision will likely return to its previous clarity. The blood often clears from the eye within a few weeks or months. Vitreous hemorrhage by itself usually doesn't cause permanent vision loss. In more-severe cases, blood can fill the vitreous cavity and completely block your vision. If the amount of bleeding is small, you might see only a few dark spots (floaters). The new blood vessels may bleed into the clear, jellylike substance that fills the center of your eye. Complications can lead to serious vision problems:
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